The economic and social phenomena of the recent years have prompted reflections on the ability of Western legal systems to ensure effective protection of individual rights, particularly in an international context characterized by the rise of new actors, distant from traditional Western legal canons. The establishment of democratic regimes with illiberal characteristics and the concomitant consolidation of populist political forces within spheres traditionally anchored in the Western legal tradition incites critical reflection on the effectiveness of protections and possible crises in a context marked by the progressive decline of safeguards. This raises the fundamental question as to the ability of the Western legal tradition to ensure the protection of individual rights in a landscape where illiberal democracies are increasingly widespread. One of the main critiques of the Western legal tradition is that it may no longer be able to guarantee the protection of individual rights. Furthermore, all this causes even greater alarm considering the structural inequalities and discrimination that individuals belonging to minorities in a broad sense experience on a daily basis. During periods of economic, social and political instability, pre-existing inequalities tend to be amplified, spawning a range of dynamics that affect different social groups in different ways. In fact, social crises tend to impact the most the already disadvantaged groups, widening economic and social inequalities.