This paper examines the most critical aspects of the recent Italian reform on regional autonomy Law No 86 of 26 June 2024 in the light of the European Commission Country Report 2024 and in line with Eu cohesion policies on economic and social which has as its primary objective the growth of the economy of Southern Italy A key challenge of the reform lies in ensuring compliance with the constitutional allocation of competences between the central State and the Regions as well as in maintaining institutional equilibrium in the management of Eu financial resources Finally the analysis focuses on Judgment No 192 2024 of the Italian Constitutional Court which declared several provisions of the law unconstitutional assessing its potential to address the concerns raised by the European Commission