The present study aims to analyze the E–family Program (2021–2025) – Nursery Vouchers in the Lazio region, financed by the European Social Fund Plus (ESF ), as an example of Italian policies supporting families to promote the reconciliation of work and private life — a central theme in social and labor policies aimed at ensuring a balance between professional commitments and family responsibilities (EU Directive 2019/1158, Legislative Decree n. 105/2022). The main objectives are:

1. Evaluating the program’s impact on work–life balance: nursery vouchers provide financial support to reduce the family burden and encourage female participation in the labor market, in line with SDGs 5 and 8 of the 2030 Agenda for promoting sustainable development.
2. Analyzing equity in fund distribution: assess how resources are allocated among different families and territories, highlighting structural and territorial inequalities.
3. Linking the initiative to Italy’s demographic decline: integrate ISTAT data on birth rates in Italy and Lazio between 2020 and 2024 to understand the demographic and social context in which the program operates.
The broader aim is to explore the extent to which the E–family Program contributes to building a sustainable and inclusive welfare state, in line with the European Union’s strategic priorities (EU Regulation 2021/1057) and the 2030 Agenda (UN, 2015).