No other ecumenical council has ever seen such a high participation of bishops, priests, and religious; all the conciliar documents were approved by a very large majority; moreover, all the voters came from a pre–conciliar spiritual and academic mindset. These are all elements that leave us with some questions: can we really say that the Second Vatican Council was a turning point in the history of the Church? Has the Catholic Church allowed itself to be tempted by the flattery of the world, or is it still able to control its own destiny? Has the millennial magisterium of the popes really been denied? In truth, doubting the theological validity of the Council is out of the question. All that remains is to study, analyze, and contextualize it, because only by understanding it thoroughly can it be reasonably connected to the history that preceded it. In this article (a hermeneutic of the conciliar event itself, not of its future unfolding), we will attempt to demonstrate how the virile and millennial intellectual lucidity of the bishops has not yet been undermined and that the conciliar assembly — by placing the Church beyond the exhausted modern world — has demonstrated that it possesses an enviable theological vision of the historical process not only of the West but, above all, of all humanity.